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Its main characteristics are (i) The size of the molecules is negligibly small.

An ideal gas is one which obeys the gas laws at all values of temperature and pressure. What is an ideal gas? Give its main characteristics.Īns. You can download CBSE Class 11 Physics Chapter 12 Thermodynamics Revision Notes by clicking on the download button belowĭownload Toppr app for Android and iOS or signup for free.1. Heat Engines and Heat Pumps – This topic teaches heat engines, its efficiency, and heat pumps.Carnot Engine – The topic discusses the Carnot engine principle and theorem.Reversible and Irreversible Process – This topic overviews the reversible and irreversible process.Second Law of Thermodynamics – The topic explains the second law of thermodynamics and entropy.First Law of Thermodynamics – This topic describes the first law of thermodynamics and its limitations.Thermodynamic Processes – The topic highlights different thermodynamics processes.Introduction to Thermodynamics – This topic covers the introduction to thermodynamics, its system, boundary, and surroundings.Also, the reversible and irreversible process is also explained in the chapter.ĭownload Toppr app for Android and iOS or signup for free. Apart from that, state variables describe the equilibrium state of a thermodynamic system. Moreover, for an ideal gas, the molar specific heat capacities at constant volume and pressure satisfy the relation. Besides, a calorie is the old unit of heat. In addition, the specific heat has the capacity of a substance. Also, it transfers energy from or to the surroundings. Furthermore, the first law of thermodynamics is the general law of conservation of energy. Most noteworthy, the chapter explains the first and second laws of thermodynamics.

Besides, work-energy transfer brought other means such as moving a cylinder’s piston which contains gas. Due to the temperature difference between the system and surroundings heat energy transfer arises. In addition, work and heat are two modes of energy transfer of a system.

Also, it does not include the overall kinetic energy of the system. Moreover, the internal energy of a system is the sum of kinetic energies and potential energies of the molecular constituents. Furthermore, this law leads to the concept of temperature. Thermodynamics Class 11 Notes – Chapter firstly explains the zeroth law of thermodynamics. 1.1 Sub-topics covered under Thermodynamics Thermodynamics Class 11 CBSE Revision Notes